電氣成套設(shè)備的通用措施都有哪些呢?下面小編給大家介紹一下:
What are the general safety measures for electrical equipment? Here's a brief introduction:
(1)電氣絕緣。保持配電線路和電氣設(shè)備的絕緣良好,是保證人身和電氣設(shè)備正常運(yùn)行的基本要素。電氣絕緣的性能是否良好,可通過(guò)測(cè)量其絕緣電阻、耐壓強(qiáng)度、泄漏電流和介質(zhì)損耗等參數(shù)來(lái)衡量。
(1) Electrical insulation. Keeping good insulation of distribution lines and electrical equipment is the basic element to ensure personal safety and normal operation of electrical equipment. The performance of electrical insulation can be measured by measuring its insulation resistance, withstand voltage strength, leakage current, dielectric loss and other parameters.
(2)距離。電氣距離,是指人體、物體等接近帶電體而不發(fā)生危險(xiǎn)的可靠距離。如帶電體與地面之間、帶電體與帶電體之間、帶電體與人體之間、帶電體與其他設(shè)施和設(shè)備之間,均應(yīng)保持一定距離。通常,在配電線路和變、配電裝置附近工作時(shí),應(yīng)考慮線路距離,變、配電裝置距離,檢修距離和操作距離等。
(2) Safe distance. The electrical safety distance refers to the safe and reliable distance that the human body, objects, etc. are close to the electrified body without danger. For example, a certain distance shall be kept between the charged body and the ground, between the charged body and the charged body, between the charged body and the human body, and between the charged body and other facilities and equipment. Generally, when working near distribution lines and power transformation and distribution devices, the safe distance of lines, power transformation and distribution devices, maintenance and operation shall be considered.
(3)載流量。導(dǎo)體的載流量,是指允許持續(xù)通過(guò)導(dǎo)體內(nèi)部的電流量。持續(xù)通過(guò)導(dǎo)體的電流如果超過(guò)載流量,導(dǎo)體的發(fā)熱將超過(guò)允許值,導(dǎo)致絕緣損壞,甚引起漏電和發(fā)生火災(zāi)。因此,根據(jù)導(dǎo)體的載流量確定導(dǎo)體截面和選擇設(shè)備是十分重要的。
(3) Safe current carrying capacity. The safe current carrying capacity of a conductor refers to the amount of current allowed to continuously pass through the conductor. If the current continuously passing through the conductor exceeds the safe current carrying capacity, the heating of the conductor will exceed the allowable value, resulting in insulation damage, even electric leakage and fire. Therefore, it is very important to determine the conductor section and select the equipment according to the safe current carrying capacity of the conductor.
(4)標(biāo)志。明顯、準(zhǔn)確、統(tǒng)一的標(biāo)志是保證用電的重要因素。標(biāo)志一般有顏色標(biāo)志、標(biāo)示牌標(biāo)志和型號(hào)標(biāo)志等。顏色標(biāo)示表示不同性質(zhì)、不同用途的導(dǎo)線;標(biāo)示牌標(biāo)志一般作為危險(xiǎn)場(chǎng)所的標(biāo)志;型號(hào)標(biāo)志作為設(shè)備特殊結(jié)構(gòu)的標(biāo)志。
(4) Logo. Obvious, accurate and unified signs are important factors to ensure the safety of electricity use. Signs generally include color signs, signboard signs, model signs, etc. Color marks indicate conductors of different properties and purposes; Signboard signs are generally used as signs of dangerous places; The model sign is used as the sign of the special structure of the equipment.
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